Universal values, Compassion & Giving
Certain values such as non-violence, truth, love, patience…are 'universal' (Samanya Dharma). What does 'universal' mean? It’s simple, common sense that applies to all living beings regardless of religion, belief or culture Treat others how I would like to be treated by others. e.g. I don't want to be hurt by others, therefore I should not hurt others – AKA Ahimsa!
Further to Ahimsa, we had examined the values of compassion (Daya) & giving (Danam). 'May one have compassion towards all living beings' the Veda says (Daya Sarvabhuteshu). Compassion was beautifully and succinctly defined as 'the desire to remove another being's suffering' (para-dukha-praharana-icca daya). This desire is a thought in the mind and should manifest in the form of actions (What I say, What I do).
One such example of how compassion would manifest in action is when I give charitably to others, called Daanam. This Giving can be in many forms – one can give money, food, knowledge, emotional support, love, even good will. Bhagavad Gita chapt 17 verses 20-22 talk of 3 types of giving: The best (Saatvika) type we should aspire for is to give without any expectation of receiving something in return, giving with humility.
Also to give at the appropriate time/place and to the appropriate recipient is a skill requiring one's intelligence & heart to be clear. If you're not sure what to do in such a situation, our teaching mentions you have 4 sources of advice you could seek, in order: (1) Shastra (Teachings of Gita, Upanishads, Smriti, Ramayana,etc); (2) Ask a wise person; (3) Follow the example of those you respect in society (elders, parents, leaders, etc); (4) Follow your conscience if 1,2,3 not available – your conscience is only right sometimes and can be tainted by our own selfish interests, hence it’s an option if 1,2,3 are not.
